Investors in Israel
178 investors headquartered in Israel are recorded here, among them 89 venture capital firms, 23 asset managers, 15 family offices and 13 other investors. Stated investment stages run from pre-seed to buyout. The sectors named most often are Cybersecurity, AI and Fintech. The cities with most of them are Tel Aviv (66), Herzliya (17) and Jerusalem (12). Every fact comes from the investor’s own website and links back to the page it was read from. Coverage is incomplete and biased toward investors who publish clearly.
| Investor | Layer | Type | Stage | Headquarters |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| "גילעד" גמלאות לעובדים דתיים בע"מ (Gilad) | Layer unknown | Pension fund | Not stated | Israel |
| 10D Deep Tech · Enterprise SaaS · Digital Health · Fintech |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Series A | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| 2B-Community impact · future of work · community · education |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Seed | Israel |
| 2B.VC disruptive technology |
Direct + LP | Venture capital | Seed – Series A | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| 3PEL Ventures AI · applied technology · business & finance · marketing & GTM |
Direct investor | Venture studio | Not stated | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| 40RTY Fund Management Ltd. Vertical AI & Infrastructure · Artificial intelligence · enterprise software · Security & Resilience |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| 83North fintech · health tech · HW & IOT · IT infrastructure |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Growth | Herzliya, Israel |
| A-6684 Capital | Direct investor | Other | Not stated | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| AION Labs AI · pharma · drug discovery · drug development |
Direct investor | Venture studio | Pre-seed | Rehovot, Israel |
| Aleph software · services · healthcare · financial services |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Series A | Israel |
| ALIVE Israel HealthTech Fund medical devices · digital health · bio-convergence · healthtech |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Series B – Growth | Savyon, Israel |
| Alpha LTI (Alpha Group) industrial · services · public companies · corporate bonds |
Direct investor | Asset manager | Not stated | Herzliya, Israel |
| Aluma Infrastructure Fund telecommunications · green energy · environmental quality · waste treatment |
Direct investor | Public fund | Not stated | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Amiti Ventures deep tech · quantum computing · AI · semiconductors |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed | Israel |
| Amitim | Limited partner | Pension fund | Funds | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| aMoon Ventures YSH Ltd healthcare · HealthTech · biotech · medtech |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Growth | Ra'anana, Israel |
| Arbel Finance (Arbel Fund) real estate · services · finance · infrastructure |
Direct investor | Asset manager | Not stated | Hertsliya, Israel |
| Arialgo REITs · real estate · public markets |
Direct investor | Asset manager | Not stated | Ramat Hasharon, Israel |
| Arison Investments Climate · Energy · Water · Forestry |
Limited partner | Family office | Not stated | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Aurec Capital private equity · innovation · real estate · TMT |
Direct investor | Family office | Pre-seed | Ramat Gan, Israel |
| Aurum Ventures MKI technology · communication · media · information |
Direct investor | Family office | Not stated | Ramat Gan, Israel |
| Bank Hapoalim banking · financial services · green projects · renewable energy |
Layer unknown | Other | Not applicable | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Beyond22 consumer |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Seed | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Binder & Partners technology · cybersecurity · digital media · biotech |
Direct + LP | Family office | Not stated | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| BM Holdings energy · recycling · real estate · clean tech |
Direct + LP | Family office | Not stated | Israel |
| Braude Wealth wealth management · property · structured products |
Layer unknown | Asset manager | Not stated | Jerusalem, Israel |
| Brevan Howard (Tel Aviv) LTD global macro · digital assets |
Direct investor | Asset manager | Not applicable | Tel Aviv, Jaffa, Israel |
| Bridges Israel impact · health · sustainability · communities |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Growth | Glil Yam, Israel |
| BRM Group Consumer · Fintech · Life-sciences · AI |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Not stated | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Buligo Capital Ltd multifamily · senior housing · industrial · retail |
Direct investor | Asset manager | Not stated | Ramat Gan, Israel |
| Capital Nature climate · decarbonization · energy · transportation |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Series A | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Cardumen Capital DeepTech · AI · Big Data · Cybersecurity |
Direct + LP | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Series A | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Catalyst Investments enterprise SaaS · cybersecurity · smart mobility · climate tech |
Direct investor | Private equity | Growth | Israel |
| Catalyst Investors' Club AI · Mobility · Deeptech · Clean Tech |
Direct investor | Deal-by-deal club / syndicate | Series C+ – Growth | Israel |
| Cedar Fund enterprise software · cloud · saas · hardware |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Series A | Israel |
| Cerca Partners fintech · cybersecurity · automotive |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Not stated | Ra'anana, Israel |
| Champel Capital Defense & Security · Safety · Medical devices · Insurtech |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Not stated | Jerusalem, Israel |
| Clal Biotechnology Industries biotechnology · pharmaceuticals · diagnostics · medical devices |
Direct investor | Other | Seed – Growth | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Clal Industries and Investments (CII) industry · energy · real estate · technology |
Direct investor | Other | Not stated | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Clal Insurance Enterprises Holdings Ltd. | Layer unknown | Insurer | Not stated | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Claltech consumer · enterprise · technology |
Direct investor | Corporate venture | Series B – Growth | Israel |
| Claridge Israel technology · food · energy · entertainment |
Direct investor | Private equity | Growth | Ra'anana, Israel |
| Clarity Capital | Layer unknown | Asset manager | Not stated | Israel |
| Colab.ai CommerceTech · RetailTech · MarTech · AI-Personalization |
Direct investor | Venture studio | Pre-seed – Seed | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Collider Ventures crypto · DeFi · Infrastructure · Privacy |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Series A | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Cukierman & Co. Investment House Life Sciences · High Tech · Mobility & AI · Foodtech & Agritech |
Direct + LP | Asset manager | Growth – Buyout | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Cyberstarts cybersecurity |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Seed | Israel |
| David Group Capital Management LTD. financial services · defense · industrials · tech-enabled business services |
Direct investor | Private equity | Growth – Buyout | Herzliya, Israel |
| Entrée Capital Software · Fintech · Deeptech · AI |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Growth | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Exigent Capital Group LTD. | Direct + LP | Family office | Not stated | Jerusalem, Israel |
| F2 Venture Capital Artificial Intelligence · Cyber Security · Data Enrichment · Insurtech |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Series A | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Falcon Investment House (פלקון ניהול תיקי השקעות בע"מ) | Layer unknown | Asset manager | Not stated | Israel |
| FIMI Opportunity Funds automotive · electronic components · metal products · software |
Direct investor | Private equity | Buyout | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Fishman Holdings technology · internet · logistics · finance |
Direct investor | Family office | Seed | Ramat Gan, Israel |
| Fortissimo Capital Management LTD technology · industrial |
Direct investor | Private equity | Growth – Buyout | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| From-Honig Family Office | Layer unknown | Family office | Not stated | Israel |
| Fusion VC | Direct investor | Accelerator | Pre-seed | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Gefen Family Office private equity · private debt · real estate · venture capital |
Limited partner | Family office | Not stated | Kiryat Bialik, Israel |
| Gemini Israel Ventures mobile · digital media · enterprise software · online services |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Series A | Herzliya, Israel |
| Giza Venture Capital technology · biotechnology · consumer Internet |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Growth | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| GlenRock Life Sciences · Advanced Technology · AutoTech · Cyber |
Direct + LP | Family office | Not stated | Israel |
| Glilot Capital Partners Cybersecurity · AI · Enterprise Software |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Growth | Herzliya Pituach, Israel |
| Gold Ventures Incubator | Direct investor | Accelerator | Pre-seed – Seed | Israel |
| Goldrock | Limited partner | Family office | Not stated | Modiin, Israel |
| Ground Up Ventures Consumer · DevTools · Defense · Ecomm Infra |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Seed | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Grove Ventures Enterprise AI · Deeptech · AI Infra · Healthtech |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Seed | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Hanaco Ventures Cyber · AI · Fintech · Infrastructure |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Growth | Herzliya, Israel |
| Harel Insurance and Finance insurance · pension · provident funds · savings |
Layer unknown | Insurer | Not stated | Israel |
| Hawk Digital Innovation Fintech · Blockchain · Web3 · Cybersecurity |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| HCS Capital Ltd. High Tech · Life Sciences |
Direct investor | Deal-by-deal club / syndicate | Series A – Series B | Herzliya, Israel |
| Hetz Ventures AI · Data Infrastructure · Cybersecurity |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Series A | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| HiCenter Ventures BlueTech · DeepTech · DefenseTech |
Direct investor | Public fund | Not stated | Haifa, Israel |
| iAngels high-tech |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Not stated | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| iArgento sustainable technology · green technology · IoT · Agritech |
Direct investor | Family office | Pre-seed – Growth | Jerusalem, Israel |
| IBI Tech Fund Sales-Tech · Fintech · Web3 Security · Marketplace |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Seed | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| IL Angel Club Ltd. Cyber Security · DeepTech (Semiconductors) · AI · DefenseTech |
Direct investor | Angel network | Pre-seed – Seed | Israel |
| Incubit Technology Ventures Ltd deep tech · drones · construction · communication |
Direct investor | Corporate venture | Pre-seed – Seed | Israel |
| Infinity Group technology · cross-border innovation · digital health · genomics |
Direct investor | Other | Not stated | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| InNegev DeepTech · Physical AI · Defense · HLS |
Direct investor | Venture studio | Pre-seed – Seed | Israel |
| Intango Ventures Digital Marketing · Advertising Technology · eCommerce Technology · D2C |
Direct investor | Corporate venture | Seed | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Intuition Fund big data · data analytics · AI · storage |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Series B | Israel |
| Investo Capital real estate · multi-family · commercial centers · office buildings |
Direct investor | Other | Not stated | Israel |
| ION Asset Management technology · healthcare · fintech · cybersecurity |
Direct investor | Asset manager | Growth | Herzliya, Israel |
| Israel Biotech Fund biotech · pharmaceutical |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Not stated | Rehovot, Israel |
| Israel Canada real estate · residential · offices · commerce |
Direct investor | Other | Not stated | Herzliya Pituach, Israel |
| Israel Corporation specialty minerals · chemicals · aquaculture technology · natural ingredients |
Direct investor | Other | Growth | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Israel Growth Partners (IGP) technology |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Growth | Israel |
| Israel Secondary Fund technology |
Direct + LP | Other | Growth | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| JAL Ventures enterprise technology · B2B · cyber security · insurtech |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Series A | Herzliya, Israel |
| Jumpspeed Ventures technology |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed | Jerusalem, Israel |
| JVP Cybersecurity · Enterprise Data & AI · FinTech · InsurTech |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Growth | Jerusalem, Israel |
| Kedma Capital S.H.E. LTD Services · Industry · Trade · Industrial agriculture |
Direct investor | Private equity | Growth – Buyout | Israel |
| Key 1 Capital Management LTD AI infrastructure · mission-critical software · defense |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Growth | Herzliya, Israel |
| KH2 Capital Management LTD financial services · hedge funds |
Limited partner | Other | Funds | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Krypton Venture Capital B2B SaaS · Web Technologies · FinTech · Mobile |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed | Bnei Brak, Israel |
| Labs/02 deep tech · enterprise software · cyber security · neuroscience |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Series A | Jerusalem, Israel |
| Lama Partners cybersecurity · AI |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Lion Investment Partners B2B SaaS · software · technology |
Direct investor | Private equity | Growth – Buyout | Israel |
| LionBird healthcare · health-tech · fintech · AI |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Series A | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| lool ventures technology · AI · healthcare · robotics |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed | Israel |
| Lucid Capital technology |
Direct investor | Asset manager | Growth | Ramat Gan, Israel |
| Magenta Venture Partners Automotive · Mobility · Enterprise Software · IoT |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Series B | Herzliya, Israel |
| Magma Venture Partners ICT · software · semiconductor · new media |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Growth | Israel |
| Maniv Mobility mobility · transportation · decarbonization · digitization |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Series B | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Manor Evergreen Investment Fund industry · infrastructures · technology · real estate |
Direct investor | Private equity | Not stated | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| MASTERKEY Venture Capital blockchain · crypto · bitcoin · web3 |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Seed | Israel |
| Maverick Ventures Israel technology · healthcare · cyber · fintech |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Series A | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Menora Mivtachim Holdings Ltd. | Layer unknown | Insurer | Not stated | Israel |
| Meron Capital Physical AI · Cyber · Deep Tech · Infrastructure |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Seed | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| MizMaa Ventures Cloud · Cybersecurity · Mobility · Artificial Intelligence |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Series B | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| MoreVC AI · LLMs · computer vision · advanced sensors |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Series A | Ra'anana, Israel |
| Net Capital Ventures | Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed | Ramat Hasharon, Israel |
| New Era Capital Partners technology · healthcare · fintech · AI |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Series B | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Next Gear Ventures Climate Tech · Smart Mobility · Autonomous Vehicle · Electrification |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Growth | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| NextLeap Ventures deep tech · artificial intelligence · sustainability · digital health |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Series A | Israel |
| Nili Capital Management P.E., LTD. Business & Tech-Enabled Services · Industrial Technologies · Aerospace & Defense · Packaging |
Direct investor | Private equity | Buyout | Ra'Anana, Israel |
| Noy Fund infrastructure · energy · renewable energy · data centers |
Direct investor | Asset manager | Not stated | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| OurCrowd | Direct + LP | Venture capital | Seed – Growth | Jerusalem, Israel |
| Peaks Ventures deeptech · healthtech · digital health · artificial intelligence |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Not stated | Herzliya, Israel |
| Phoenix Provident Fund insurance · pension · provident funds · savings |
Layer unknown | Insurer | Not stated | Israel |
| Pickholtz Holdings real estate · industrial plants · financial assets · renewable energy |
Direct investor | Family office | Not stated | Tel-Aviv, Israel |
| PICO Venture Partners enterprise · automotive retail · e-commerce · finance |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Series A | Jerusalem, Israel |
| Pitango Venture Capital Generative AI · Quantum Computing · Cloud & Infrastructure · Digital Health |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Growth | Herzliya, Israel |
| Poalim Equity real estate · renewable energy · insurtech |
Direct investor | Private equity | Growth – Buyout | Israel |
| Pontifax life sciences · healthcare |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Growth | Herzeliya, Israel |
| Premia Capital asset management · real estate · start-up investments · bridge loan |
Direct investor | Family office | Not stated | Ramat Gan, Israel |
| Protego Ventures defense technology · AI & Machine Learning · sensors · drones |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Series A – Series B | Israel |
| Psagot Investment House | Layer unknown | Asset manager | Not stated | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Qumra Capital data-driven technology · technology |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Growth | Tel-Aviv, Israel |
| Reality Investment Fund (REALITY Group) real estate · value-add real estate · core+ real estate · debt |
Direct investor | Asset manager | Not stated | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Reigo Investments LTD real estate debt |
Direct investor | Asset manager | Not applicable | Ramat Gan, Israel |
| Rhodium Ventures AI · Impact · social · mobile |
Direct + LP | Family office | Not stated | Israel |
| RUNI Ventures sector agnostic |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Seed | Herzliya, Israel |
| S Capital Vc Management LTD. deep technology · cybersecurity · fintech · enterprise software |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Seed | Herzliya, Israel |
| Sandor Investments Management | Layer unknown | Asset manager | Not stated | Herzliya, Israel |
| Sarona Ventures enterprise software · AI · transformative technologies |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Series B | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| SCP Vitalife Partners life sciences · medical devices · biopharmaceuticals · diagnostics |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Series B | Tel-Aviv, Israel |
| Secret Chord Ventures | Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Seed | Israel |
| Sequoia Capital | Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Growth | Ramat Gan, Israel |
| Shavit Capital technology |
Direct investor | Private equity | Growth | Jerusalem, Israel |
| Sixth Millennium Venture Partners Management, LLC AI · enterprise software · cybersecurity · healthcare |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed | Jerusalem, Israel |
| SKY Fund mid-market · special situations · distressed · turnarounds |
Direct investor | Private equity | Buyout | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| SOSA HLS & Defense · Mining, Steel & Cement · Banking · Insurance |
Direct + LP | Other | Not stated | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Sphera Funds Management LTD. | Direct investor | Asset manager | Not stated | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| StageOne Ventures Deep Tech · Enterprise Tech · Cybersecurity · AI |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed | Herzliya Pituach, Israel |
| State of Mind Ventures AI · data infrastructure · SaaS · enterprise applications |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Sunvest Capital Partners enterprise software · cybersecurity · AI · industrial technology |
Direct + LP | Asset manager | Growth | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Sweetwood Capital | Layer unknown | Asset manager | Not stated | Israel |
| T-Syte Digital Health · Impact Medicine · Medical Devices · Wellness |
Direct investor | Venture studio | Pre-seed – Series A | Herzliya Pituach, Israel |
| Takwin autonomous vehicles · agriculture · seismology · nanotechnology |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed | Haifa, Israel |
| Tamir Fishman technology |
Direct + LP | Asset manager | Not stated | Tel Aviv-Jaffa, Israel |
| TAU Ventures Generalist |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Seed | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Team8 Cybersecurity · Software Infra · Fintech · Digital Health |
Direct investor | Venture studio | Pre-seed – Not stated | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Tene Growth Capital 3 Funds Management Company LTD industrial · agriculture · automotive · building products |
Direct investor | Private equity | Growth | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Teuza Health Tech · medical devices · SaaS · Industry 4.0 |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Series B | Israel |
| The Garage AI · enterprise technology · financial services · fintech |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Seed | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| The Trendlines Group agrifood · medtech |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed | Israel |
| theDOCK Maritime · Supply Chain · Offshore · Logistics |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Not stated | Israel |
| TLV Partners software · biotech · AI · cybersecurity |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Not stated | Israel |
| TLVSeed tech |
Direct investor | Angel network | Not stated | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Tonbo Ventures climate tech · energy security · deep tech · agentic AI |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Seed | Raanana, Israel |
| TPY Capital data and analytics · human augmentation · enterprise digitization · cloud infrastructure |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Seed | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Trigo Funding real estate · residential · commercial · land |
Direct investor | Other | Not stated | Israel |
| Triventures healthcare · fintech · insuretech · cyber |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Series A | Israel |
| Union Tech Ventures AI · B2C · Data · Fintech |
Direct investor | Corporate venture | Series B – Series C+ | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Value Advanced Investments real estate · credit · infrastructure · high-tech |
Limited partner | Asset manager | Funds | Israel |
| VentureIsrael deep tech · AI · cybersecurity · space |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Series A | Israel |
| Verissimo Ventures technology |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Series A | Jerusalem, Israel |
| Vertex Ventures Israel AI · Cyber · Healthtech · Deep Tech |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Series B | Israel |
| Vgames 2 Fund Management LTD gaming · consumer |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Pre-seed – Growth | Glil Yam, Israel |
| Vintage Investment Partners technology · venture capital · growth-stage |
Direct + LP | Fund of funds | Funds – Growth | Herzliya, Israel |
| Viola Credit technology · FinTech · PropTech · Gaming |
Direct investor | Asset manager | Series A – Growth | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Viola Group FinTech · Cyber · Vertical AI · AI Infrastructure |
Direct + LP | Asset manager | Pre-seed – Growth | Israel |
| Xenia Venture Capital life science · IT · Medical Devices |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Not stated | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| XT Venture Capital | Direct investor | Venture capital | Not stated | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| YL Ventures cybersecurity |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Growth | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Zora Ventures climate tech · food tech · agriculture · deep tech |
Direct investor | Venture capital | Seed – Series A | Herzliya, Israel |
| החברה הכלכלית לחיפה (Haifa Economic Corporation) real estate · defense-tech · deep-tech · blue economy |
Direct investor | Other | Not stated | Haifa, Israel |